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Authorization Concepts

Simple Concepts of Authorisation There are always questions asked how access rights (authorisation) should be granted to users when they are signed up as a systems or platform user (end-users and administrative users) - Should they be read-only users? input only users? or full access users? To simply the thought process and make more sense out of this maze, there are some authorization concepts that can be used before designing the access rights matrix or providing user a set of access rights (if the system doesn't allow the grouping of access rights). 1. Need-to-know principle Only assign access rights based on their duties.  For example, if a user's duty is a data entry officer, that user should only be given access to input function of the system or application. It should not be granted the access rights to query the whole bunch of data. This might result the breach of data privacy. 2. Authorization creep The assigning access rights to a user without revie...

What MS. Excel "Ctrl Key" Does

Some Useful Key Functions in Excel there are many shortcut that can help you when using MS. Excel to boost your work effective and efficiency. Have a look at the key combination table below. Key Alone Shift Ctrl Alt Shift Ctrl F1 Help What's This Help * Insert Chart Sheet * F2 Edit Mode Edit Comment * Save As * F3 Paste Name Formula Paste Function Define Name * Names From Labels F4 Repeat Action Find Again Close Window Quit Excel * F5 Goto Find Restore Window Size * * F6 Next Pane Prev Pane Next Workbook Switch To VBA Prev Workbook F7 Spell Check * Move Window * * F8 Extend Selection Add To Selection Resize Window Macro List * F9 Calculate All Calculate Worksheet ...